China has become a science / engineering super power over the past 20 years

https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2024/06/12/china-has-become-a-scientific-superpower

Is this a reasonable measure? Top 1% by number of citations, but these citations are not mediated by _who_ is citing the papers. Outside of any specific nation, it's known to be a problem that people will play citations games with their peers to bolster credibility:

creating and destroying; built flying cars & autonomous vehicles, now building /faust, more here: /july, web: july.rocks

Is this a reasonable measure? Top 1% by number of citations, but these citations are not mediated by _who_ is citing the papers. Outside of any specific nation, it's known to be a problem that people will play citations games with their peers to bolster credibility: https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/11/science/science-journal-pulls-60-papers-in-peer-review-fraud.html

To be honest, i'm not sure if it is or not - i don't know. However, i'd say that it is a theme as a part of a larger theme of the growth that China as a whole as experienced. Take growth of the High Speed Rail network from 2008 to present

BDFL of Quilibrium, Eng @ Farcaster, ex-Coinbase, always opinionated, never hydrated

/quilibrium

I would say that all countries do the same. They hack the system as much as they can. But the other data that you are sharing is amazing.