Do "super", "hyper", "ultra", "meta" actually mean anything different beyond just being "cool prefixes" that cycle in and out of favor either organically or suddenly when a major entrepreneur just comes along and names their entire ecosystem after one of them?

meta is the only one there that feels useful to me as it indicates layering. If I read meta i immediately understand I should be a layer up from something. 

Super, hyper, and ultra I am generally skeptical of.

That meaning is real, but on the other hand.... if the metaverse had been the hyperverse, would anyone have noticed?

The schelling point makes sense to have landed on Meta

The future iterations and variations of the world inherently brings us to a state of “meta” as we use our imagination to conjure up what they may entail. 

Often we might start at hyper and adopt, socially, meta.

Yeah the more I think about this cast the more I think about the language of "coming soon" vs. just shipping something people use.

Neopets never had to call itself anything to be "online Pokémon" to me.