Do "super", "hyper", "ultra", "meta" actually mean anything different beyond just being "cool prefixes" that cycle in and out of favor either organically or suddenly when a major entrepreneur just comes along and names their entire ecosystem after one of them?

meta is the only one there that feels useful to me as it indicates layering. If I read meta i immediately understand I should be a layer up from something. 

Super, hyper, and ultra I am generally skeptical of.

That meaning is real, but on the other hand.... if the metaverse had been the hyperverse, would anyone have noticed?

Yeah the more I think about this cast the more I think about the language of "coming soon" vs. just shipping something people use.

Neopets never had to call itself anything to be "online Pokémon" to me.