Why is everything so expensive? 

I had a family dinner recently and lots of ideas were thrown around including corp price gauging, supply chain issues, etc. I’ve always been convinced it is primarily money printing / inflation. 

What’s the actual reason why everything has increased so dramatically?

I think it's a bit of all those. Corporate price gouging is also just known as capitalism functioning as it's designed to. Price inflation is one way the ruling class counters the impact of wage increases to maintain their relative power vs the working class. And we've benefited from cheap goods with externalities out of sight, out of mind.