Any research or data analysis that shows how centralized Polygon really is?

A standard critique is "it's a centralized sidechain" but I haven't seen anything published that shows how it is more centralized vs other L2s

IMO the easiest way to think about this is that choosing Polygon PoS is the same as choosing any other PoS L1, where you're relying on the security of the chain's validator set. 

This is a very different security model than an L2 which inherits the security of its base layer (e.g. Ethereum L1)

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One thing that blew my mind is that Polygon is a Tendermint (Cosmos) fork.

as you said, its effectively an ASB with its own set of validators

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