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💈HDAC Inhibitors & Hair Loss: Are they a viable treatment? Specifically, can Valproic Acid (VPA) help? Let's dive in!

2/ 🧬 What are HDAC Inhibitors? Our DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones. Histone modifications via acetylase and deacetylase enzymes control which genes are expressed in our cells.

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4/ ⚖️ HDAC Inhibitors vs. HAT Upregulators: While both can boost gene expression, inhibiting a protein (HDAC) is easier than upregulating one (HAT). This makes HDAC inhibitors a more practical focus for research.

5/ 💊 Valproic Acid (VPA): The most studied HDAC inhibitor. A South Korean study showed that low-dose topical VPA increased hair count by 24 hairs/cm² compared to placebo. Promising!

6/ 🔍 Mechanism & Effects: VPA lowers PAI-1 and improves the PAI/tPA ratio, both positive for hair growth. However, there are concerns about systemic absorption and side effects, as it's originally an epilepsy drug.

7/ 🤔 Mixed Results: While the clinical trial was promising, a group buy conducted by our biohacker friends showed no regrowth. Systemic absorption can lead to severe side effects, and oral use has been linked to hair loss via a liver-activated effect.

8/ 🧪 Potential Combinations: Topical VPA might work best with other treatments like Verteporfin or Minoxidil. Researchers are exploring this!

9/ 🏥 Class II HDAC Inhibitors: Beyond VPA, Class II inhibitors like A364365, LMK235, Sodium butyrate, and Vorinostat are being studied. They may positively affect hair follicles but come with their own risks.

10/🫡 In summary, more research is needed but there is promise! That's where we come in...

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3/ 🧠 Histone Acetylation: Acetylation causes histones to loosen their grip on DNA, upregulating gene expression. Deacetylation tightens this grip, silencing genes. HDAC inhibitors prevent deacetylation, thus increasing gene expression.