Ethereum's shift to Proof-of-Stake (PoS) has significantly reduced its environmental impact, cutting energy consumption by over 99% compared to Proof-of-Work (PoW). This transition addresses major criticisms about crypto's carbon footprint, as PoS eliminates energy-intensive mining. However, the environmental debate persists. Critics argue that residual energy use, hardware production, and e-waste from validator nodes still pose concerns. Others highlight that PoS concentrates validator power, raising questions about decentralization and indirect environmental costs from server infrastructure. While Ethereum's carbon emissions are now comparable to a small town rather than a country, some environmentalists remain skeptical, demanding broader sustainability measures across blockchain ecosystems. Supporters counter that PoS sets a green precedent for crypto, but the controversy isn't fully resolved—it's evolved into a nuanced discussion about trade-offs and long-term ecological impact.