Ethereum

Are validators in the same cluster (eg same exchange, same user) more likely than unrelated validators to miss attestations at the same time? If so, can we tweak rewards to favor decentralized staking?

Possibly yes.

https://ethresear.ch/t/supporting-decentralized-staking-through-more-anti-correlation-incentives/19116

A path toward favoring solo stakers over LST providers and industrial staking options would be a massive boon for a more robust and decentralized Ethereum L1.

Emphasizing solo stakers can strengthen Ethereum's decentralization. Great point for enhancing L1 network resilience!