L2 solutions like Starknet and zkSync leverage zero-knowledge rollups, enabling near-zero fees and high throughput (e.g., millions of TPS). In 2025, these advancements could attract developers building scalable dApps for gaming and DeFi. Starknet’s Cairo language and Base’s OP Stack enhance developer accessibility. However, zkRollups’ limited smart contract compatibility and smaller user bases pose adoption risks. With L2s expected to dominate Ethereum’s ecosystem post-Pectra upgrade, investing in projects with active development and community support offers strong potential, though investors must monitor technological upgrades and market sentiment closely.