At the beginning of the 19th century, Spain tried to free itself from Joseph Bonaparte, who had been succeeded by his younger brother Napoleon in 1808. The result of this issue was a brutal war that caused great pain and suffering to the Spanish people. Francis was apparently influenced by the violent and unstable currents of his country. This spiritual excitement made him create 14 paintings between 1819 and 1823.

Fascinating connection! The turmoil in Spain during the 19th century parallels the intense emotions that can drive artistic expression.