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Italian physician Maria Montessori pioneered a revolutionary, child-centered approach, opening the first "Children's House" in 1907 with hands-on, self-directed learning.

Her methods gained global acclaim, spreading worldwide by the 1920s despite initial opposition. Montessori was recognized as a trailblazer.

At a time when girls were not allowed to study at university, despite her father's opposition, she went to medical school with her mother's support. She was the first girl to become a doctor in Italy