WTF is Privacy 2.0?

Privacy 2.0 marks the shift from Privacy 1.0 –– isolated, single-user privacy (e.g., private transactions, encrypted credentials) –– to a general-purpose framework enabling shared private state (SPS), where multiple parties can compute on confidential data without exposing it.

Unlike Privacy 1.0, which lacked interoperability and composability, Privacy 2.0 leverages privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) like MPC, FHE, and TEEs. MPC and FHE allow computations on encrypted data, while TEEs provide hardware-based isolation.

This shift overcomes transparency limitations in decentralized systems, enabling scalable, programmable privacy for secure computation across broader applications.