Four 2024 technical breakthroughs towards fixing Ethereum fragmentation:

1) Removing the need for a hard fork for based preconfirmations.
2) Espresso making their shared sequencer compatible with based sequencing.
3) Polygon releasing execution aggregation techniques.
4) Accseal releasing the first SNARK proving ASIC.

What would #4 allow to do in the short term?

Not much in the short term, but paving the way for real-time proving and real-time settlement. Cysic is working on a real-time proving SNARK ASIC for 2024. Fabric is also working on a SNARK ASIC for 2024.