Diva Staking

@stakediva

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The Pectra upgrade on Holesky exposed critical validator issues Per the postmortem (https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/Pectra/holesky-postmortem.md), 3 of 5 Execution Layer clients used mainnet’s deposit contract address instead of Holesky’s, splitting the chain’s perception across clients. Let’s see all the details, and what is Diva’s situation 🧵👇

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7/ Join our Discord for real-time updates and technical discussions https://discord.gg/divastaking More to come as we progress.

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6/ Progress update: a new Diva client image is expected early next week, targeting devnet validation first. Post-devnet, we’ll advance to testnet phases with a hardened implementation. Precision over haste—expect further details soon.

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4/ In our case, Pectra lowers initial slashing penalties to 0.008 ETH from 1 ETH, but a correlation penalty after 18 days (https://eth2book.info/capella/part2/incentives/slashing/#the-correlation-penalty) claims full balances. Inactivity leak limits losses to 16 ETH over ~3 weeks, while mass slashing accelerates finality at a steeper cost. Client sync issues and incomplete slashing waves (https://dora-holesky.pk910.de/validators/slashings) signal needed upgrades.

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5/ On our end, Diva’s prior testnet wasn’t Pectra-compatible and was already nearing deprecation. We’ve opted to decommission it and align with the next public testnet, ensuring resources focus on a robust, future-ready deployment rather than patching legacy setups.

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3/ Natural recovery via inactivity leak (https://eth2book.info/capella/part2/incentives/inactivity/) is possible—validators lose balance until ejected below 16 ETH effective stake. However, this requires ~3 weeks and significant capital loss. Current efforts lean toward mass slashing to expedite finality.

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1/ Initial mitigation—shutting down misconfigured clients, clearing databases, and resyncing with correct peers—failed. The Consensus Layer issue compounded the problem: an invalid chain state was justified at an incorrect epoch, creating a cascading failure.

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2/ Validators attesting to the justified invalid checkpoint faced “surround” slashing conditions when pivoting to the valid chain. With consensus clients favouring the attestation-heavy invalid chain, the valid chain struggled with low block production and peer support, stalling recovery.

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The Pectra upgrade on Holesky exposed critical validator issues Per the postmortem (https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/Pectra/holesky-postmortem.md), 3 of 5 Execution Layer clients used mainnet’s deposit contract address instead of Holesky’s, splitting the chain’s perception across clients. Let’s see all the details, and what is Diva’s situation 🧵👇

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https://warpcast.com/stakediva/0x1a9fee78

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6/ Find out all the details Medium Blogpost: https://medium.com/@stakediva/how-truly-decentralized-validators-are-born-c2e91e4e0a93 Updated docs: https://docs.divastaking.net

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5/ Why Diva Matters What makes Diva so revolutionary is how it combines cutting-edge technology with fundamental principles of decentralization. By pooling resources and enabling collaboration between operators and nodes, Diva lowers barriers for staking while ensuring fairness and security at every step.

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4/ How Distributed Validators Are Born Step 1: Seed Generation DSC detects 32 ETH pooled → triggers RANDAO to create Seed0 (e.g., 0xBB9b...). Step 2: Node Participation Nodes signal interest via P2P network: “I want to help!” Step 3: Key Generation Selected participants collaborate to create a shared BLS public key. Step 4: Validator Activation Winning key set is submitted to DSC. Validator goes live on Ethereum, secured by distributed nodes.

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3/ The Guardians: Diva Operators & Nodes ▶ Operators: Stake collateral to run nodes, earning rewards while securing the network. ▶ Nodes: Split into two roles: - Participants: Generate distributed validator keys (BLS standard). - Coordinators: Optimize the process, ensuring efficiency. - Operators’ influence depends on their collateral weight, not node count. This thwarts Sybil attacks and centralization.

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2/ The Brain: The Diva Smart Contract (DSC) ▶ Core Function: Aggregates ETH from stakers into 32 ETH bundles. ▶ RANDAO Magic: Uses Ethereum’s native randomness to generate seeds (e.g., Seed0). ▶ ValidatorID Creation: Each bundle gets a unique ID via cryptographic hashing (keccak256). Why it matters: No single entity controls validator creation—it’s a provably fair lottery.

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How truly decentralized validators are born Let us take you behind the scenes of how Diva works and why it’s such a game-changer. 🧵👇

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9/ For more details, check our medium post: https://medium.com/@stakediva/diva-staking-participating-entities-02d66f1340a5

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8/ DVT NODES ▶ SIGNER - Holds a fragment of a BLS key, validates duties when proposed by an Aggregator, ensuring collective action within a validator pool. ▶ AGGREGATOR - A specialized Signer that proposes and aggregates signatures for validator duties, elected through a consensus protocol for each pool.

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7/ DKG NODES ▶ PARTICIPANT - Nodes that aim to join new validators by contributing to Distributed Key Generation (DKG) processes, using lottery tickets based on their collateral. ▶ COORDINATTOR - Manages the DKG process by selecting participants, processing requests, and ensuring the final key generation result is communicated for validator registration.

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6/ Low-Level Entities ▶ PROVER - Verifies events on the Beacon Chain like DKG registration, validator exits, and block proposals, ensuring correct processing and integrity. ▶ ORACLE - Provides critical data to the smart contract, such as total balance of Diva validators and operator rewards based on performance metrics. ▶ SUBMITTER - Sends transactions to the smart contract based on P2P Pub/Sub channel data, including DKG proposals, registrations, and activations.

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