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Carl Gustav Jung, a Swiss psychiatrist and psychologist, discussed the concept of "shadows" in his works. In Jungian psychology, the shadow represents an aspect of the personality that contains hidden or undesirable traits, emotions, or desires. These aspects may be suppressed or rejected by the conscious mind, but they still influence a person's behavior and thoughts.
Jung argued that it is important to recognize and accept one's shadows in order to achieve psychological balance and wholeness of the personality. Integrating the shadows can help a person understand their internal conflicts, resolve conflicts, and become a more integrated and conscious individual.
Exploring shadows is an important aspect of psychology and self-awareness, as it allows for a better understanding of oneself, one's motives, and behavioral patterns. According to Jung, accepting and integrating shadows can contribute to personal development and spiritual growth. 0 reply
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Anton Semenovich Makarenko (1888-1939) was a prominent Soviet educator and psychologist, the founder of collective upbringing.
Anton Makarenko recognized the importance of collective upbringing of children, believing that in a group, children can develop social skills, learn cooperation, empathy, and responsibility. He emphasized the importance of fostering a collective spirit, mutual assistance, and mutual respect among children.
Makarenko stressed the significance of an individual approach to each child, taking into account their individual characteristics, needs, and abilities. He also highlighted the role of the educator as a mentor and caregiver who should be ready to support and guide each child on their path to personal development.
In his works and pedagogical methods, Anton Makarenko emphasized the importance of conscious upbringing, fostering independence and initiative in children, as well as encouraging their creative potential. 16 replies
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