The history of chess goes back about one and a half thousand years. Probably the oldest known ancestor of chess is the Indian game chaturanga, borrowed by the Persians, who modified it and called it shatranj. After the Arab conquest of Persia in the 7th century, shatranj spread within the Arab Caliphate, and from the Arabs it became known to Europeans. Chess acquired a look close to modern at the end of the 15th century, when the queen and bishop received their current moves, before that - pieces with limited mobility. The game changed significantly, became faster, the advantage of the first move for white made possible the emergence of openings in which white prepares an attack at an early stage of the game, and stimulated the development of opening theory.