Role and Functionality:

Transaction Validation: The base chain is responsible for validating transactions and ensuring their authenticity and correctness before they are added to the blockchain.
Consensus Mechanism: It establishes the consensus protocol that determines how nodes agree on the state of the blockchain, ensuring decentralization and trustlessness.
Security: The base chain's security mechanisms, such as cryptographic hashing and proof-of-work or proof-of-stake protocols, protect against malicious activities and maintain the integrity of the blockchain.