Programming is the art and science of instructing computers to perform tasks. It involves writing instructions (code) using programming languages that computers can understand and execute. Programming enables the creation of software, applications, and systems that power modern technology and shape our digital world.

Key aspects of programming include problem-solving, logic, and algorithm design. Programmers use a variety of languages like Python, Java, C++, and JavaScript, each suited to different tasks and platforms. Understanding data structures, algorithms, and software design patterns is crucial for writing efficient and maintainable code.

Programming is not just about coding; it also involves testing, debugging, and optimizing programs to ensure they work correctly and efficiently. It requires continuous learning and adaptation due to the rapid evolution of technology and the constant emergence of new tools and frameworks.